Key provisions

• Disclosure of ranking + recommendation criteria for "very large online platforms"
• Annual independent audit of moderation actions, broken out by category
• Civil right of action for users with at least $500 in demonstrable damages
• Carve-outs for trade secrets that would reveal model weights
• FTC enforcement authority + state attorney-general parallel actions

Who benefits

End users, researchers, smaller publishers harmed by opaque downranking.

Who pays

Large platforms (compliance + audit cost); mid-size platforms below the threshold are unaffected.

Key provisions

• $72B over five years for fab construction and modernization
• Workforce conditions tied to apprenticeship + community-college pipelines
• 10-year clawback on offshored capacity
• Priority for "trusted ally" supply-chain partners
• Reauthorization of advanced-research grants at $4B/yr

Who benefits

U.S. semiconductor and advanced-manufacturing firms, domestic workforce in fab regions.

Who pays

General fund; some risk of capture by incumbent contractors.

Key provisions

• Two-year statutory cap on environmental impact statements
• One-year cap on environmental assessments
• Cumulative-impact and tribal-consultation requirements preserved
• Sunsetting of categorical exclusions after 10 years unless renewed
• Judicial review window narrowed from 6 to 4 years

Who benefits

Energy + grid developers, renewables seeking interconnection, ratepayers downstream.

Who pays

Affected communities (compressed review windows), some agency capacity.

Key provisions

• $52B over six years for transmission + substation modernization
• Federal siting authority for interregional projects above 500 kV
• Interconnection-queue reform for federally-funded projects
• Performance-based ratemaking pilots in three regions
• Cybersecurity hardening standards for control systems

Who benefits

Ratepayers in congested zones, renewable developers, grid operators.

Who pays

Federal appropriations; local siting authorities losing some preemption.

Key provisions

• Age-appropriate design defaults for under-17 accounts
• Targeted-advertising prohibition for known minor users
• Annual recommendation-system risk audit
• Parental dashboard for under-13 accounts
• Civil penalty up to $50,000 per violation; FTC + state AG enforcement

Who benefits

Minors and families; smaller platforms operating below threshold.

Who pays

Large social platforms (compliance + advertising-revenue impact).

Key provisions

• Community-care eligibility for mental-health regardless of VA wait times
• $1.2B authorization for peer-support workforce expansion
• Tele-mental-health parity across all VISNs
• Family-member crisis counseling included
• Annual outcome reporting to House + Senate VA committees

Who benefits

Veterans in rural areas, families, peer-support providers.

Who pays

VA general fund; non-VA community providers (positive volume).

Key provisions

• CFIUS jurisdiction expanded to greenfield investments in critical sectors
• New outbound-investment review for semiconductors, quantum, advanced biotech
• Data-aggregation thresholds trigger review even absent control
• Penalties for failure to file: up to transaction value
• 60-day review baseline with limited extension

Who benefits

National-security agencies, domestic firms in critical sectors.

Who pays

Foreign investors + acquirers, U.S. firms in covered sectors (deal friction).